Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid)

A B vitamin the body builds coenzyme A from, which nearly every energy pathway runs through.

It is included for completeness of a vitamin panel; isolated deficiency is very rare because it is present in almost all foods.

There is no well-established clinical threshold, so read the direction across panels rather than the number against the range. Supplements taken shortly before the draw lift it.

Rarely meaningful on its own; worth reading with the full vitamin panel.